I’m a big fan of the Shakespeare story – who was he? Why did the greatest playwright the world has ever known leave virtually nothing to prove he wrote the plays that bear his name? Why did he leave no books when he died? Where did he learn all the information – botanical, historical, international – that crops up in his plays? Could those plays have really been created by a small provincial insurance clerk who ran away to become an actor?
Whatever the true story is, one fact is unassailable: that the man known as Shakespeare didn’t actually write the plays that we have today. That’s not to say those words weren’t primarily his – but if he ever wrote those words down, nothing survives today. Instead, the plays we know today as ‘Shakespeare plays’ are the work of two men who have been largely forgotten: the actors John Heminge and Henry Condell.
I say ‘largely forgotten’, but in the churchyard of St Mary Aldermanbury is a memorial dedicated to both of them – and it’s my favourite memorial in London.
While the bust of Shakespeare sits proudly on top of the memorial, the plaques on the main body are dedicated to Condell and Heminge. The text reads:
To the memory of JOHN HEMINGE and HENRY CONDELL, fellow actors and personal friends of SHAKESPEARE. They lived many years in this parish and are buried here.
To their disinterested affection the world owes all that it calls SHAKESPEARE. They alone collected his dramatic writings, regardless of pecuniary loss and without the hope of any profit, gave them to the world.
THEY THUS MERITED THE GRATITUDE OF MANKIND.
The two were Shakespeare’s co-partners at the Globe theatre in Southwark, and on his death in 1616, “from the accumulated [plays] there of thirty five years, with great labour selected them. No men then living were so competent having acted with him in them for many years, and well knowing his manuscript, they were published in 1623 in Folio, thus giving away their private rights therein. What they did was priceless, for the whole of his manuscripts with almost all those of the dramas of the period have perished.”
There’s no question of an authorship controversy here – why the two men would have freely given away a whole raft of plays they could have claimed as their own (many plays of the time being written by partnerships rather than single named writers) is a noble refutation to the idea Shakespeare was not the sole author.
It’s incredible that if it wasn’t for them, the works of Shakespeare could have been lost to the world forever. Heminge and Condell were the fine thread between us having the work of the world’s greatest writer and it being lost entirely.
How different the world would be if they hadn’t sat down one day, with a pile of dusty papers and half-remembered passages they’d performed a decade before, and thought, “Well, maybe we should try and get the lot of them written down for posterity.”
It starts to make me think of all the great work that’s been lost forever simply because there was no Heminge or Condell around to save it. Everytime someone performs a Shakespeare play, there should be a round of applause at the start for the men who ensured that those words survived.














